INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Lawrence LeDuc, SS 3065 (978-6675)
e-mail: leduc@chass.utoronto.ca
TEXTS: Alan Ware, Political Parties and Party Systems
Lawrence LeDuc, Richard G. Niemi & Pippa Norris, Comparing
Democracies: Elections and Voting in Global Perspective
Paul Abramson, John Aldrich & David Rohde, Change and
Continuity
in the 1996 & 1998 Elections
Russell Dalton, Citizen Politics: Public Opinion and Political Parties in
Advanced Western Democracies (2nd edition)Readings packet [PKT] incorporating articles not included in the above texts
The following books also contain material on the party systems and/or electoral systems of the countries covered in this course, and are recommended as additional reference sources.
Mark Kesselman & Joel Krieger, European Politics in
Transition (2nd edition)
Russell Dalton, Scott Flanagan & Paul Allen Beck (eds.), Electoral
Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies
Ian Budge & Kenneth Newton et al, The Politics of the New
Europe
Warren Miller & J. Merrill Shanks, The New American Voter
Peter Merkl, Western European Party Systems
Jan-Erik Lane & Svante Ersson, Politics and Society in
Western Europe (3rd edition)
Paul Allen Beck, Party Politics in America (8th edition)
James Sundquist, Dynamics of the Party System
Leon Epstein, Political Parties in Western Democracies
David Farrell, Comparing Electoral Systems
Steven Wolinetz, Parties and Party Systems in Liberal Democracies
Kay Lawson & Peter Merkl (eds.), When Parties Fail
Peter Mair (ed.), The West European Party System
Jack Hayward, The Crisis of Representation in Europe
Simon Hix & Christopher Lord, Political Parties in the
European Union
Cees van der Eijk & Mark Franklin, Choosing Europe: the
European Electorate and National Politics in the Face of Union
Harold D. Clarke, Jane Jenson, Lawrence LeDuc & Jon H. Pammett,
Absent Mandate:
Canadian Electoral Politics in an Era of Restructuring (3rd edition)
Herb Asher, Presidential Elections and American Politics (6th
edition)
Michael Gallagher, Michael Laver & Peter Mair, Representative
Democracy in Western Europe
Martin Harrop & William L. Miller, Elections and Voters
Mark Franklin, Thomas Mackie & Henry Valen, Electoral Change:
Responses to Evolving
Social and Attitudinal Structures in Western Countries
Richard G. Niemi & Herbert Weisberg, Controversies in Voting
Behavior (all 3 editions)
Thomas Mackie & Richard Rose, International Almanac of
Electoral History
Hans-Dieter Klingemann, Ian Budge & Richard Hofferbert, Parties,
Policies and Democracy
A number of journals, particularly Electoral Studies, Party Politics, Parliamentary Affairs, Government and Opposition, and West European Politics regularly publish articles on recent elections in selected countries. The Economist and the Financial Times provide good current coverage of electoral politics in a number of countries, particularly in Europe and Asia, as does the New York Times. Some useful web sites for information on recent elections are:
http://www.klipsan.com/research.htm
(Klipsan News Service)
http://www.psa.ac.uk/ (UK
Political Studies Association)
http://www.agora.stm.it/elections/
(Derksen Archive)
http://ssdc.ucsd.edu/index.html
(University of California- San Diego)
http://www.library.ubc.ca/poli/electoral.html
(University of British Columbia)
http://www.ifes.org/newsletter/eltodind.htm
(International Electoral Systems Foundation)
Prof. LeDuc maintains a web site for Comparing Democracies
which also contains many of the
above links. It can be accessed at: http://chass.utoronto.ca/~leduc/
There are also a number of sites dealing with particular countries
and/or specific elections which can generally be located through
standard keyword search procedures. Many political parties throughout
the world also now maintain their own web sites, and these can
provide useful sources of information on their activities as well
as links to other sites.
COURSE REQUIREMENTS:
Essays (35% each). Two major essays of approximately 5000 words
each are required of each student. Each essay will deal with the
party system and electoral politics of a particular country. Essays
are due December 6th and March 27th.
Participation/seminar (15%). Each student will be expected to
contribute to and participate in class discussions, and to make
at least two seminar presentations based on selected reading
assignments.
Final oral exam (15%). A short oral exam based on the required
readings, seminar presentations, and individual research will
be required at the end of the course.
*Ware, pp. 1-13
*LeDuc, ch. 1
*Dalton, ch. 7
*Anthony King, "Political Parties in Western Democracies", Polity 2 (1969) [PKT]
+Kenneth Janda, "Comparative Political Parties: Research
and Theory", in Ada Finifter,
Political Science: the State of the Discipline II
+Kay Lawson, "Political Parties Inside and Out", Comparative
Politics 23 (1990)
+Alan Ware, Citizens, Parties and the State
Jean Blondel, Political Parties, ch. 1-5
Kay Lawson, The Comparative Study of Political Parties, ch. 1,
4
Gerald Pomper, "Concepts of Political Parties", Journal
of Theoretical Politics, 4 (1992)
APSA, "Towards a More Responsible Two Party System",
American Political Science Review 44 (1950)
Richard Katz, Democracy and Elections
Understanding and classifying party systems
*Ware, ch. 5, 6
*LeDuc, ch. 3, 5
*Dalton, ch. 2, 6
*Giovanni Sartori, "A Typology of Party Systems" , in Peter Mair (ed.), The West European Party System [PKT]
+Giovanni Sartori, Parties and Party Systems
+Maurice Duverger, Political Parties, bk 1, ch 1-2; bk. 2, ch.
1
+Seymour Martin Lipset & Stein Rokkan, Party Systems and Voter
Alignments, pp. 1-64
+Charles Merriam, The American Party System, ch. 12-14
+Robert T. McKenzie, British Political Parties, ch. 6-8
Alan Ware, "The Party Systems of the Established Liberal
Democracies: Is This a Decade of Transformation?", Government
and Opposition 30 (1995)
Klaus von Beyme, Political Parties in Western Democracies, ch.
1-2
Joseph LaPalombara & Myron Weiner, Political Parties and Political
Development, ch. 1
Robert Alford, Party and Society
Parties as organizations
*Ware, ch. 2-4
*LeDuc, ch. 4
*Dalton, ch. 4
*Otto Kirscheimer, "The Catch-All Party", in Peter
Mair (ed.), The West European Party
System [PKT]
*Kaare Strøm, "A Behavioral Theory of Competitive
Political Parties",
American Journal of Political Science 34 (1990) [PKT]
+Angelo Pannebianco, Political Parties: Organization and Power
+Richard Katz, "Party as Linkage", European Journal
of Political Research 18 (1990)
Richard Katz & Peter Mair, How Parties Organize: Change
and Adaptation in Party
Organizations in Western Democracies
Leon Epstein, Political Parties in Western Democracies, ch. 2-5
Samuel Eldersveld, Political Parties: a Behavioral Analysis, ch.
3-5
Robert Harmel & Kenneth Janda, "An Integrated Theory
of Party Goals and Party Change",
Journal of Theoretical Politics 6 (1994)
Partisanship, Ideology and Party Identification
*Ware, ch. 1
*Abramson, ch. 5, 8
*LeDuc, ch. 13
*Dalton, ch. 8, 9
+Bradley Richardson, "European Party Loyalties Revisited",
American Political
Science Review 85 (1991)
+Ola Listhaug et al, "Ideology and Party Support in Comparative
Perspective",
European Journal of Political Research 25 (1994)
Klaus Von Beyme, Political Parties in Western Democracies,
ch. 3
Ian Budge et al, Party Identification and Beyond
Lawrence LeDuc, "The Dynamic Properties of Party Identification:
a Four Nation Comparison", European Journal of Political
Research 9 (1981)
Helmut Norpoth, "Party Identification in West Germany: Tracing
an Elusive Concept",
Comparative Political Studies 11 (1978)
Bruce Cain & John Ferejohn, "A Comparison of Party Identification
in the United States
and Great Britain", Comparative Political Studies 14 (1981)
Oddbjørn Knutsen, ""Left-Right Location of Political
Parties in Western Europe",
West European Politics 21 (1998)
Warren Miller & J. Merrill Shanks, The New American Voter,
ch. 6, 7
Party systems and electoral systems
*LeDuc, ch. 2, 7, 8
*Ware, ch. 9
*Abramson, ch. 1, 4
*Dalton, ch. 3
*Pippa Norris, "Choosing Electoral Systems: Proportional,
Majoritarian and Mixed Systems", International Political
Science Review 18 (1997) [PKT]
*Jack Vowles, "The Politics of Electoral Reform in New Zealand",
International Political
Science Review 16 (1995) [PKT]
+Arend Lijphart & Bernard Grofman, Choosing an Electoral
System, ch. 1-4
+Mogens Pedersen, "The Dynamics of European Party Systems",
European Journal of
Political Research 7 (1979)
+Pippa Norris et al., "The Politics of Electoral Reform",
special issue of the
International Political Science Review 16 (1995)
Ian Budge & Kenneth Newton, The Politics of the New Europe,
ch. 10
Arend Lijphart, Electoral Systems and Party Systems
G. Bingham Powell, "American Voting Turnout in Comparative
Perspective",
American Political Science Review 80 (1986)
David Farrell, Comparing Electoral Systems
Douglas Rae, The Political Consequences of Electoral Laws
Enid Lakeman, Power to Elect: the Case for Proportional Representation
Henry Milner (ed.), Making Votes Count
Elections of a "second order": electing a European parliament
*Julie Smith, "The 1994 European Elections: Twelve Into
One Won't Go",
West European Politics 18 (1995) [PKT]
*Cees van der Eijk et al, "What Voters Teach Us About Europe-Wide
Elections: What Europe-
Wide Elections Teach Us About Voters", Electoral Studies
14 (1995) [PKT]
*Oskar Niedermayer, "Turnout in the European Elections",
Electoral Studies 9 (1989) [PKT]
+Cees van der Eijk & Mark Franklin, Choosing Europe, ch.
18-20
+Karlheinz Reif & Hermann Schmitt, "Nine Second-Order
Elections: a Conceptual Framework
for the Analysis of European Election Results", European
Journal of Political Research 8
(1980)
+Simon Hix & Christopher Lord, Political Parties in the European
Union, ch. 1, 4, 5
Juliet Lodge, The 1994 Elections to the European Parliament,
ch. 1, 12, 13
John Curtice, "The 1989 European Elections: Protest or Green
Tide",
Electoral Studies 8 (1989)
Alain Guyomarch, "The European Elections of 1994", West
European Politics 18 (1995)
Julie Smith, "How European are European Elections?",
in John Gaffney, Political Parties
in the European Community
Michael Marsh, Pippa Norris, et al, "Political Representation
in the European Parliament",
special issue of the European Journal of Political Research vol.
32, no. 2 (October 1997)
Part II. Comparative Case Studies
Britain
*David Sanders, "The New Electoral Battleground",
in Anthony King, New Labour
Triumphs: Britain at the Polls 1997 [PKT]
+William Field, "Electoral Volatility and the Structure
of Competition: a Reassessment of
Voting Patterns in Britain: 1959-92", West European Politics
17 (1994)
+Dennis Kavanagh, "Changes in Electoral Behaviour and the
Party System",
Parliamentary Affairs 47 (1994)
Ivor Crewe, "The Thatcher Legacy", and Philip Norton,
"The Conservative Party from
Thatcher to Major", both in Anthony King, Britain at the
Polls: 1992
David Butler & Dennis Kavanagh, The British General Election
of 1997
Ivor Crewe & Bo Sarlvik, Decade of Dealignment
Pippa Norris, Electoral Change in Britain Since 1945
Pippa Norris & Neil Gavin (eds.), "Britain Votes: 1997"
(special issue of Parliamentary Affairs,
vol. 50 (1997))
Hugh Berrington (ed.), "Britain in the 1990's: the Politics
of Paradox", special issue of
West European Politics, vol. 21 (1998)
United States
*Abramson, ch. 3, 10
+Calvin Jillson, "Patterns and Periodicity in American
National Politics", in Lawrence Dodd & Calvin Jillson,
The Dynamics of American Politics
+James Sundquist, Dynamics of the Party System, ch. 4-10, 14
Alan Ware, "The 1896 and 1996 U. S. Elections: a Re-emerging
Problem of South and West",
Government and Opposition 32 (1997)
Norman Nie et al., The Changing American Voter, ch. 2-5, 11-13
E. E. Schattschneider, The Semisovereign People
Paul Abramson & John Aldrich, "The Decline of Electoral
Participation in America",
American Political Science Review 76 (1982)
Paul Allen Beck, Party Politics in America (8th edition), ch.
2, 6-8
L. Sandy Maisel (ed.), The Parties Respond: Changes in the American
Party System, ch. 1, 4, 5
Gary Jacobson, The Politics of Congressional Elections
Walter Dean Burnham, Critical Elections and the Mainsprings of
American Politics
Warren Miller & J. Merrill Shanks, The New American Voter,
ch. 2
Martin Wattenberg, The Decline of American Political Parties
Germany
*Simon Green, "The 1998 German Bundestag Election: the
End of an Era", Parliamentary
Affairs 52 (1999) [PKT]
+Mark Franklin et al, Electoral Change, ch. 9
+Russell Dalton, "The West German Party System Between Two
Ages", in Russell Dalton, Scott Flanagan & Paul Allen
Beck, Electoral Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies
Kendall. Baker et al., Germany Transformed
Herbert Kitschelt, "The 1990 German Federal Election and
the National Unification",
West European Politics 14 (1991)
Peter Merkl, Western European Party Systems, ch. 2, 23
Mark Kesselman & Joel Krieger, European Politics in Transition,
ch. 14, 15
Ferdinand Muller-Rommel, "The Beginning of a New Germany:
the GDR Elections of March 1990", West European Politics
14 (1991)
Klaus von Beyme, "A United Germany Preparing for the 1994
Elections",
Parliamentary Affairs 29 (1994)
Michael Minkenberg, "The New Right in Germany", European
Journal of Political Research
22 (1992)
France
*Joseph Szarka, "The Winning of the 1995 French Presidential
Elections",
West European Politics 19 (1996) [PKT]
*Paul Hainsworth, "The Return of the Left: the 1997 French
Parliamentary Election",
Parliamentary Affairs 51 (1998) [PKT]
+Joseph Schlesinger & Mildred Schlesinger, "The Reaffirmation
of a Multi-party System in France", American Political Science
Review 84 (1990)
+Michael Lewis-Beck, "France: the Stalled Electorate",
in Russell Dalton, Scott Flanagan & Paul Allen Beck, Electoral
Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies
Mark Franklin et al, Electoral Change, ch. 8
Alastair Cole, "The Presidential Party and the Fifth Republic",
West European Politics 16 (1993)
John Gaffney, The French Presidential Elections of 1988: Ideology
and Leadership in Contemporary France
Mark Kesselman & Joel Krieger, European Politics in Transition,
ch. 9, 10
Alan Guyomarch, "The 1993 Parliamentary Election in France",
Parliamentary Affairs
46 (1994)
Peter Merkl, Western European Party Systems, ch. 4
Jonathan Macrae, "Advance or Consolidation?: the National
Front and the 1995 Elections",
West European Politics 19 (1996)
N. Mayer & P. Perrineau, "Why Do They Vote For Le Pen?",
European Journal of Political Research 22 (1992)
Italy
*Roberto d'Alimonte & Stefano Bartolini, "Electoral Transition and Party System Change in Italy", West European Politics 20 (1997)
+James Newell & Martin Bull, "The Italian General
Election of 1996", Parliamentary Affairs
49 (1996)
+D. Woods, "The Centre No Longer Holds: The Rise of Regional
Leagues in Italian Politics",
West European Politics 15 (1992)
Mark Franklin et al, Electoral Change, ch. 12
D. Hine, Governing Italy
Stephen Gundle & Simon Porter (eds.), The New Italian Republic
Mark Kesselman & Joel Krieger, European Politics in Transition,
ch. 19-20
Roberto d'Alimonte & David Nelken, Italian Politics: the Centre-Left
in Power Barnes,
Robert Putnam, Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern
Italy
S. Waters, "'Togentopoli' and the Emergence of a New Political
Order in Italy",
West European Politics 17 (1994)
M. Calise, "Remaking the Italian Party System: How Lijphart
Got It Wrong By Saying It Right", West European Politics
16 (1993)
M. Bull & M. Rhodes (eds.), "Crisis and Transition in
Italian Politics", special issue of
West European Politics 20 (1997)
Japan
*T. Inoguchi, "A Step Towards One Party Dominance: Japan's
General Election of
20 October 1996 ", Government and Opposition 32 (1997) [PKT]
+T. Inoguchi, "Japanese Politics in Transition: a Theoretical
Review",
Government and Opposition 28 (1993)
+Scott Flanagan, "Electoral Change in Japan: a Study of Secular
Realignment", in Russell Dalton, Scott Flanagan & Paul
Allen Beck, Electoral Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies
R. Hrebenar, The Japanese Party System: From One Party Rule
to Coalition Government
Bradley Richardson, "Japan's Habitual Voters: Partisanship
on the Emotional Periphery", Comparative Political Studies
19 (1986)
Michael Donnelly, "No Great Reversal in Japan", Pacific
Affairs 63 (1991)
Gerald Curtis, Election Campaigning Japanese Style
H. Baerwald, Party Politics in Japan
Scott Flanagan, et al., The Japanese Voter
Ireland
*Brian Girvin, "Consensus and Political Competition in
the Irish Republic", Parliamentary
Affairs 51 (1998) [PKT]
+Richard Breen & Chris Whelen, "Social Class, Class
Origins, and Political Partisanship in the Republic of Ireland",
European Journal of Political Research 26 (1994)
+Brian Girvin, "Social Change and Political Culture in the
Republic of Ireland",
Parliamentary Affairs 46 (1993)
Peter Merkl, Western European Party Systems, ch. 10
Mark Franklin et al, Electoral Change, ch. 11
R. K. Carty, "Ireland: From Predominance to Competition",
in Steven Wolinetz,
Parties and Party Systems in Liberal Democracies
Howard Penniman, Ireland at the Polls, ch. 1-4
John Coakley & Michael Gallagher (eds.), Politics in the Republic
of Ireland
Richard Sinnott, Irish Voters Decide: Voting Behaviour in Elections
and Referendums
Brendan O'Duffy, "The Irish General Election of 1997",
West European Politics 21 (1998)
The Netherlands
*Galen Irwin & Joop van Holsteyn, "Revamping Electoral
Politics in the Netherlands"
West European Politics 20 (1997) [PKT]
+Peter Mair, "The Correlates of Consensus Democracy and
the Puzzle of Dutch Politics",
West European Politics 17 (1994)
+Mark Franklin et al, Electoral Change, ch. 13
Galen Irwin, "And the Walls Came Tumbling Down",
in Russell Dalton, Scott Flanagan & Paul Allen Beck, Electoral
Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies, ch. 9
Hans Daalder, "The Dutch Party System: From Segmentation
to Polarization, and Then?",
in H. Daalder, Party Systems in Denmark, Austria, Switzerland,
the Netherlands and Belgium
Peter Merkl, Western European Party Systems, ch. 6
Steven Wolinetz, "The Netherlands: Continuity and Change
in a Fragmented Party System",
in S. Wolinetz, Parties and Party Systems in Liberal Democracies
Warren Miller & Phillip Stouthard, "Confessional Attachment
and Electoral Behaviour in the Netherlands", European Journal
of Political Research 3 (1975)
Rudy Andweg & Galen Irwin, Dutch Government and Politics
Norway, Sweden & Denmark
*Ole Borre, "Critical Electoral Change in Scandanavia", in Russell Dalton, Scott Flanagan & Paul Allen Beck, Electoral Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies [PKT]
+David Arter, Scandinavian Politics Today, ch. 4-6
+Diane Sainsbury, "The 1991 Swedish Elections: Protest, Fragmentation
and a Shift to the Right", West European Politics 15 (1992)
Ole Borre, "Old and New Politics in Denmark", Scandinavian
Political Studies 18 (1995)
Mark Franklin et al, Electoral Change, ch. 7, 15, 17
Palle Svensson & Lise Togeby, "The Political Mobilization
of the New Middle Class in Denmark", West European Politics
14 (1991)
Sten Berglund & Ulf Lindström, The Scandinavian Party
Systems
Kaare Strøm & Lars Svåsand (eds.), Challenges
to Political Parties: the Case of Norway
Ole Borre, "Electoral Instability in Four Nordic Countries",
Comparative Political Studies 13 (1980)
Nicholas Aylott, "Between Europe and Unity: the Case of the
Swedish Social Democrats",
West European Politics 20 (1997)
Mogens Pedersen, "The Defeat of All Parties: the Danish Folketing
Elections of 1973",
in Kay Lawson & Peter Merkl, When Parties Fail
Mark Kesselman & Joel Krieger, European Politics in Transition,
ch. 24, 25
Israel
*Henri Stellman, "Electing a Prime Minister and Parliament: The Israeli Election of 1996", Parliamentary Affairs 49 (1996) [PKT]
+Abraham Diskin & Hanna Diskin, "The Politics of Electoral
Reform in Israel",
International Political Science Review 16 (1995)
Asher Arian, The Second Republic: Politics in Israel
Abraham Diskin, Elections and Voters in Israel
Ehud Sprinzak & Larry Diamond (eds.), Israeli Democracy Under
Stress
Asher Arian & Michael Shamir (eds.), The Elections in Israel:
1992
Henri Stellman, "Israel, the 1992 Election and After",
Parliamentary Affairs
46 (1993)
Australia & New Zealand
*Ian McAllister, "The End of a Labor Era in Australian
Politics",
Government and Opposition 31 (1996) [PKT]
*Stephen Levine & Nigel Roberts, "The New Zealand Electoral
Referendum and General Election of 1993", Electoral Studies
13 (1994) [PKT]
+Mark Franklin et al, Electoral Change, ch. 3, 14
+Jack Vowles et al, Voters Victory?: New Zealand's First Election
Under Proportional Representation, ch. 3-4
Jack Vowles & Peter Aimer (eds.), Double Decision: the
1993 Election and Referendum in
New Zealand
Jack Vowles & Peter Aimer, Voters Vengeance: the 1990 Election
in New Zealand and the Fate
of the Fourth Labour Government
Raymond Miller (ed.), New Zealand Politics in Transition.
Don Aitkin, Stability and Change in Australian Politics
Ian McAllister, "Tax Reform, Not Race Debate: the 1998 Australian
Federal Election",
Government and Opposition 34 (1999)
Clive Bean et al, "The 1993 Australian Federal Election",
(special issue of the Australian Journal of Political Science
29 (1994))
Howard Penniman (ed.), Australia at the Polls: 1980-83, ch. 2-5
Leon Epstein, "A Comparative Study of Australian Parties",
British Journal of Political Science 7 (1977)
Spain
*Sebastian Balfour, "Bitter Victory - Sweet Defeat: The
March Elections in Spain",
Government and Opposition 31 (1996) [PKT]
+Richard Gunther et al, Spain After Franco: the Making of a Competitive Party System, ch. 4, 7
Thomas Lancaster, "A New Phase for Spanish Democracy:
the General Election of June 1993",
West European Politics 17 (1994)
Richard Gillespie, "The Continuing Debate on Democratization
in Spain,
Parliamentary Affairs 46 (1993)
Juan Linz, "The New Spanish Party System", in Richard
Rose, Electoral Participation
Thomas Lancaster & Michael Lewis-Beck, "The Spanish Voter:
Tradition, Economics, Ideology",
Journal of Politics 48 (1986)
Mark Franklin et al, Electoral Change, ch. 16
Peter McDonough & Antonio Lopez Piña, "Continuity
and Change in Spanish Politics", in Russell Dalton, Scott
Flanagan & Paul Allen Beck, Electoral Change in Advanced Industrial
Democracies
Russia
*Robert Cottrell, "Russia's Parliamentary and Presidential Elections", Government and Opposition 31 (1996)
+Stephen White et al, How Russia Votes, ch. 1, 4, 9, 10
T. Remington & S. Smith, "The Development of Parliamentary
Parties in Russia",
Legislative Studies Quarterly 22 (1995)
Richard Rose, "Mobilizing Demobilized Voters in Post Communist
Societies",
Party Politics 1 (1995)
Ian McAllister & Stephen White, "Democracy, Parties and
Party Formation in Post-Communist Russia", Party Politics
1 (1995)
B. Szajkowski, New Political Parties of Eastern Europe and the
Soviet Union
Stephen White et al., The Politics of Transition: Shaping a Post-Soviet
Future
Steven Fish, Democracy from Scratch: Opposition and Regime in
the New Russian Revolution
M. Wyman et al., "The Russian Elections of December 1993",
Electoral Studies 13 (1994)
Part III. Dynamics of the Electoral Process
Party Strategies, Candidates and Issues
*Ware, ch. 9-10
*LeDuc, ch. 6, 9-12
*Abramson, ch. 2
+Ian Budge, "Strategies, Issues, and Voters in British
General Elections: 1950-79",
Comparative Political Studies 15 (1982)
+William Miller et al, How Voters Change: the 1987 British Election
Campaign in Perspective,
ch. 2, 3
Diane Sainsbury, "Party Strategies and Party-Voter Linkages",
European Journal of Political Research 18 (1990)
Harold D. Clarke et al, Absent Mandate (3rd edition), ch. 4, 5
Shaun Bowler & David Farrell, Electoral Strategies and Political
Marketing
David Farrell & Martin Wortman, "Party Strategies in
the Electoral Market: Political Marketing in Germany, Britain
and Ireland", European Journal of Political Research 15 (1987)
Lawrence LeDuc, "Voting for Free Trade?: the Canadian Voter
in the 1988 Federal Election"
in P. Fox, & G. White, Politics: Canada (7th ed.)
Richard Johnston et al, Letting the People Decide: the Dynamics
of a Canadian Election
Pippa Norris, "The Battle for the Campaign Agenda",
in Anthony King, New Labour
Triumphs: Britain at the Polls 1997
Kenneth Newton, "Caring and Competence: the Long, Long Campaign",
in Anthony King,
Britain at the Polls: 1992
David Butler & Dennis Kavanagh, The British General Election
of 19-- (Nuffield series)
Lawrence LeDuc, "Party Strategies and the Use of Televised
Campaign Debates",
European Journal of Political Research 18 (1990)
Michael Lewis-Beck & Paolo Belucci, "Economic Influences
on Elections in Multi-Party Systems", Political Behavior
4 (1982)
Hans-Dieter Klingemann et al, Parties, Policy and Democracy, ch.
2
Edward Tufte, Political Control of the Economy
Partisanship and Voting Behaviour
*Ware: ch. 11
*Abramson: ch. 6-7
*Dalton, ch. 10
*Lawrence LeDuc, "Citizens' Revenge: the Canadian Voter
and the 1993 Federal Election",
in Paul Fox & Graham White, Politics: Canada (8th ed.) [PKT]
+Russell Dalton & Martin Wattenberg. "The Not So Simple
Act of Voting", in Ada Finifter,
Political Science: the State of the Discipline II
+Samuel H. Barnes, "Electoral Behavior and Comparative Politics",
in Mark Lichbach & Alan Zukerman, Comparative Politics: Rationality,
Culture and Structure
+Arthur Miller, "Throwing the Rascals Out: Policy and Performance
Evaluations of Presidential Candidates", American Political
Science Review 79 (1985)
Elinor Scarborough, "The British Electorate Twenty Years
On",
British Journal of Political Science 17 (1987)
Ulf Lindstrøm, "The Changing Scandinavian Voter",
European Journal of Political Research
10 (1982)
Michael Lewis-Beck, "Comparative Economic Voting: Britain,
France, Germany, Italy",
American Journal of Political Science 10 (1986)
Hilda Himmelweit, et al., How Voters Decide
V. O. Key, The Responsible Electorate
Morris Fiorina, Retrospective Voting in American Elections
Warren Miller & J. Merrill Shanks, The New American Voter,
ch. 12, 14
Richard Rose & Ian McAllister, Voters Begin to Choose
B. Hayes, "The Impact of Class on Political Attitudes: a
Comparative Study of Great Britain, West Germany, Australia and
the United States", European Journal of Political Research
27 (1995)
Clive Bean & Anthony Mughan, "Leadership Effects in Parliamentary
Elections in Australia and Britain", American Political Science
Review 83 (1989)
Explaining and Interpreting Elections
*Abramson: ch. 9, 11
*Anthony King, "Why Labour Won... At Last" , in Anthony
King, New Labour Triumphs:
Britain at the Polls 1997 [PKT]
+Warren Miller & J. M. Shanks, "Policy Directions and Presidential Leadership: Alternative Interpretations of the 1980 Presidential Election", British Journal of Political Science 12 (1982)
Ian Budge & Dennis Farlie, Explaining and Predicting Elections
Peter Kellner, "Why the Tories Were Trounced"; Neil
Gavin, "The Economy and Voting";
and Joni Lovenduski, "Gender Politics: a Breakthrough for
Women?", all in Parliamentary
Affairs 51 (1998)
David Sanders, "Why the Conservatives Won... Again",
in Anthony King, Britain at the Polls: 1992
Anthony Heath et al., How Britain Votes
Gerald Pomper, Voters' Choice
Stanley Kelley, Interpreting Elections
William Schneider, "The November 4th Vote for President:
What Did It Mean?", in Austin Ranney, The American Elections
of 1980
Raymond Wolfinger, "Dealignment, Realignment and Mandates
in the 1984 Election", in Austin Ranney, The American Elections
of 1984
Gary Jacobson, "Interpreting the 1974 Congressional Election",
American Political Science Review 80 (1986)
Maurice Pinard & Richard Hamilton, "The Parti Quebecois
Comes to Power",
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John Courtney, "Reinventing the Brokerage Wheel: the Tory
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John Hibbing & John Alford, "The Electoral Impact of
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Warren Miller & J. Merrill Shanks, The New American Voter,
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Stephen White et al, How Russia Votes, ch. 5, 11
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Ian Budge & Hans Keman, Parties and Democracy: Coalition Formation
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Michael Laver & W. Ben Hunt, Policy and Party Competition
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American Political Science Review 75 (1981)
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George Ross, "Party Decline and Changing Party Systems: France
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Maurice Pinard, The Rise of a Third Party
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The Future of Party Politics
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Martin Wattenberg, The Decline of American Political Parties
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Richard Rose & Ian McAllister, Voters Begin to Choose
Paul Abramson, "Of Time and Partisan Stability in Britain",
British Journal of
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